Ethical Implication Of Artificial Intelligence And Robotics In Healthcare
Authors: Deepak N, Sagaya Mary Priya R.P,Poorna Devadoss, Anbu Velusamy, Karthikeyan M.K
AbstractThe integration of AI and robotics in healthcare has revolutionized
medical practice, driven by artificial neural networks (ANN), deep
learning (DL), and machine learning (ML). AI enhances diagnostic
precision, streamlines clinical operations, and improves patient
data management.
In medical imaging, AI ensures more precise, consistent, and
efficient reporting, with cloud-based DL applications like Arterys
transforming medical image interpretation. AI identifies lesions,
provides diverse diagnoses, and generates automated medical
reports, benefiting healthcare professionals. It also predicts
medical conditions like cardiovascular risk, Alzheimer's disease,
and drug therapy responses. In healthcare, robotics extends beyond
patient care, including tasks like surgery, training, and non-patient
roles like cleaning and medication delivery. Robots operate
autonomously, ensuring consistent, error-free performance,
particularly in hazardous settings. Ethical considerations
emphasize accountability, data privacy, and bias mitigation. India
has made significant progress in adopting AI in healthcare,
enacting policies for data privacy, security, and standardization.
Ethical principles are pivotal, focusing on accountability,
autonomy, safety, trustworthiness, data quality, privacy,
accessibility, equity, inclusiveness, validity, and ethical
committees. Globally, AI and robotics in healthcare rapidly evolve
with technological advancements and ethical standards. The
United States and Europe have embraced AI, emphasizing ethical
frameworks. India actively participates, aligning healthcare with
AI, promising personalized, efficient, and effective global
healthcare.
Key words: ethical implications, artificial intelligence, healthcare,
robotics, ethical guidelines.
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Pages: 01-08
2nd Article
Non -Syndromic Multiple Odontogenic Keratocyst – A Case Report And Literature Review
Authors: Ashwin Chandraveni,Elakya Ramesh, Yesoda Aniyan K, Anuradha Ganesan, Krithika Chandrasekar Lakshmi
AbstractOdontogenic Keratocystic Tumour was reclassified as
Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) in the recentedition of the World
Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Head and Neck
Tumors, published in January 2017.OKCs makes up 10% of all
odontogenic cysts and are benign in nature. Commonly localized
to the posterior mandibular area, they are characterized by
aggressive behavior with a rather high recurrence rate. These are
linked to syndromes as well like the nevoid basal cell carcinoma
syndrome. The diagnosis is confirmed through FNAC, advanced
radiographic imaging and biopsy. This case report presents a rare
manifestation of multiple OKC in a non-syndromic patient.
Key words: Odontogenic Keratocyst, Odontogenic Keratocystic
Tumour, Odontogenic cyst, Keratocyst, Jaw cyst, Jaw diseases.
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Pages: 09 - 12
3rd Article
Status of OMDR specialist’s in various nations and their placement at several tiers of health care systems in India-a Systematic Review
Authors:Dr. Sai Charan K V, Dr. Sangeetha R, Dr. Santana N
AbstractResearch Question: In India, have oral medicine specialists been
incorporated at several tiers of the healthcare system?
Dental Specialty, Oral Medicine & Radiology focuses on an oral
health of the individual. The patient's ability to experience
symptom relief is greatly influenced by the proper diagnosis and a
thorough management strategy. If accurate diagnosis is the key to
navigating the maze of hydra-headed illnesses, then Oral Medicine
and Radiology becomes the principal key. This systematic review
specifically focusses on the status of OMDR specialist in health
care system in India. It also explores the function of an oral
medicine specialist at various levels of healthcare, Appraises the
significance of integrating oral medicine specialists into healthcare
systems, compare the status of OMDR specialist internationally
and in India, implementing strategies to incorporate oral medicine
with general healthcare. We adhered to the Preferred Reporting
Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)
guidelines and electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science,
Google Scholar, DOAJ, Indian science abstract and Scopus were
used to Identify the relevant information. The search generated 48
papers once duplicates, non-English and grey articles were
removed. Of these, 7 articles were included in the review. The state
government-maintained PHCs, which serve 47.4% of the urban
population with oral and maxillofacial complaints, are the first
point of contact for the rural and urban patients. The studies
included in this review demonstrated that oral health care taking
back seat in rural and urban areas of the Indian sub-continent.
Given India's multiple echelons of the healthcare system, OMDR
experts were not found to be integrated besides their wide-ranging
capabilities. Whereas, Oral medicine is still more known and more
integrated with general healthcare in the USA than it is in India,
despite being an emerging specialty. Patients are often referred to
oral medicine experts in the USA from a variety of medical
specialties, including dermatology, internal medicine, and
Tmjpds/Volume:3/Issue:1 /Pages 13 - 24
otorhinolaryngology. It is uncommon for a medical
professional to send patients to an expert in oral
medicine and radiology, where there is a lack of
knowledge and awareness about this specialty among
medical practitioners in India. Due to their expertise in
a variety of inter-disciplinary domains, validating their
importance and ensuring their position among several
tiers of health care system would greatly benefit the
overall health status of the population in India.
Keywords: OMDR specialist, Health-care system,
Status, Incorporation, India
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Pages:13-24
4th Article
Dietary Practices Among Orthodontic Patients
Authors: Oviya. P, Priyadharshini. K, Ruppavaani V.S, Dr.Rajkumar. P, Dr.Vivekanandhan
AbstractOVERVIEW AND INTRODUCTION
Orthodontic treatment is a time-consuming and technologysensitive practice in dentistry. Because appliances used in
orthodontic treatment tend to retain food debris and plaque, and
cleaning them is a major challenge that greatly affects maintaining
oral hygiene. Orthodontic patients are expected to practise
appropriate oral hygiene practises, such as cleaning their teeth at
least twice daily and using additional tools like interdental aids and
mouthwash, in order to maintain good oral and periodontal health
DIETARY PRACTICES
During orthodontic treatment, the patient's dietary history must be
considered, and the patient and diet must modify any necessary
ingredients, taking into account the patient's comfort, routines,
preferences and tolerances.Dairy food (such milk, ice cream, and
cheese) must be recommended during orthodontic treatment since
they are soft and good for the remodelling of the bones during the
movement of the tooth.
CONCLUSION
To minimize orthodontic failures, it is important to focus on
prevention, education, and motivational techniques to improve the
oral health of orthodontic patients. A key factor in the success of
orthodontic treatment is patient cooperation and behavioral
adaptation.
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Pages:25-28
5th Article
Comparative Evaluation Of Efficacy Of Ozonated Saline With Chlorhexidine Mouth Wash Prior To Non-Surgical Periodontal Intervention
Authors: Dr. Bakkiya. A, Dr. Monisha. M, Dr. Snophia Suresh, Dr. Uma Sudhakar, Dr. Dhatri Priya, Dr. Navina Ravindran, Dr. Lalitha Arunachalam, Dr. Ajith Baskar
AbstractIntroduction:Ultrasonic Scaling is a potential source of aerosol
contamination in dental clinics. The primary sources of microbial
load in aerosols are the oral cavity and dental unit water line.
Various antiseptic mouth rinses have been tried as preprocedural
mouth rinsing to reduce the bacterial and viral load in the aerosol
generated during ultrasonic scaling. Ozonated saline is a powerful
antimicrobial agent against bacteria, fungi, and viruses,there is a
paucity of literature regarding its preprocedural antimicrobial
activity during ultrasonic scaling.
Aim:This study was aimed to determine the efficacy of ozonated
saline as a preprocedural rinse in reducing bacterial load during
ultrasonic scaling.
Materials and Methods:In this study, 45 subjects were selected who
fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were divided into three
groups.Group Isubjects received saline as a preprocedural mouth
rinse.Group II subjects received chlorhexidine as a preprocedural
mouth rinse.Group III subjects received ozonated saline as a
preprocedural mouth rinse. Aerosol produced during scaling was
collected with a blood agar plate in the patient’s chest, the
clinician’sright-hand, and two feet beside the patient. These plates
were incubated at 37° C for 48 hours and Total ColonyFormingUnits(TCFU) were counted.
Results:Ozonated saline showed effective TCFUreductionwhen
compared to Group I Saline comparable with chlorhexidine.
Conclusion:Ozonated saline is more effective in reducing dental
aerosols when compared to saline. Ozonated saline showed better
TCFU reduction when compared with saline. Hence ozonated
saline can also be used as a preprocedural mouth rinse for reducing
the number of dental aerosols during ultrasonic scaling.
Key words: Nonsurgical periodontal therapy, ozonated water,
chlorhexidine, colony- forming units
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Pages: 29-36